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What was the first personal computer?
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RCA Cosmac 1800 Microtutor
The RCA 1800 Microtutor was used to educate engineers and others on how to program microprocessors. Manufactured in 1976, the unit is fully self-contained with the exception of the 9-volt power converter that plugs into the back of the unit. The user is able to see the soldering done on the underside of the main board because of the clear plexiglass bottom. There are 3 slots in the back of the computer labeled M,P,E. The M, standing for memory, allows the insertion of a card containing 256 bytes of memory. The P slot, for processor, allows the insertion of a processor, which in this case, is the RCA CDP1801. The third slot labaled E, is for the expansion and allows users to custom create cards for controlling other devices.
Microtutor is an 8-bit computer powered by the RCA CDP1801 microprocessor. It's made up of 2 plug-in IC's, the control IC and the register IC, both of which are mounted on the same plug-in card. There are four control switches and eight data switches. The Microtutor has a RAM of 256 bytes.
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IMAGES
Click on any of the images below to see the slideshow.
Click on any of the images below to see the slideshow.
COMPUTER COLLECTION LIST (PRE-1981)
(Analogs in blue)
(Analogs in blue)
- AIM-65 (single board)
- AIM-65 (factory case)
- AIM-65 (Jon Titus)
- ALICE micro-ordinateur
- Altair 680
- Altair 8800
- Altair 8800A
- Altair 8800b
- Altair 8800b Turnkey (see Pertec below)
- Altair 8800b (see Pertec below)
- Altair 8800b w/ Hardisk Controller & Datakeeper
- Altos ACS-8000
- American Basic Science Club Analog Computer
- AMF Educational Computer
- Apple II Plus
- ASCI SystemX
- ASR 33 Teletype
- Automatic Teaching Computer Kit
- Beckman ElectroComp Electric Heating Computer
- Beckman ElectroComp Energy Savings Computer
- Beckman Solid State Fuel Cost Computer
- Brainiac K-30
- Calif. Computer Systems 2200
- CES Ed-Lab 650
- Commodore 8032
- Commodore 64
- Commodore PET 2001
- Commodore Super Pet
- Compucolor II
- Compukit 1
- Compukit 1 Deluxe Model
- Compukit 2
- Compukit UK101
- Comspace CT-650
- Cosmac Elf (RCA1802)
- Cosmac Microtutor
- Cosmac Netronics ELF II
- Cosmac VIP
- Cromemco System I
- Cromemco System III
- Cromemco Z-2D
- Datapoint 2200
- Digi-Comp I (flat box)
- Digi-Comp I (square box)
- Digital Computer Lab
- Donner 3500
- Durango F-85
- Dynabyte
- E & L Inst MMD-1
- E & L Inst MMD-2
- Eagle II
- Electric Tabulating Machine (one original counter, 1889)
- Electronic Associates TR-10
- Electronic Associates TR-10 Model II
- Electronic Associates TR-20
- Electronic Associates TR-48
- Electronic Associates Model 180
- Electronic Associates Model 380 Hybrid
- Geniac
- Google Glass (definitely not vintage)
- Heath EC-1 (factory assembled by Heath)
- Heathkit EC-1 (kit)
- Heathkit ET 3100 trainer
- Heathkit H8
- Heathkit H9 Video Terminal
- Hickok Logic Teaching Sys.
- Hickok Servo Teaching Sys.
- HP 2115A
- HP 85
- HP 5036A
- HP 9825A
- HP 9825B
- HP 9830A
- Iasis 7301
- I-COR MAC-1
- ICS Microcomputer Training System
- IMSAI 108 (prototype)
- IMSAI 8048 Control Computer
- IMSAI 8048 (The Dollhouse Computer)
- IMSAI 8080
- IMSAI PCS-40
- IMSAI PCS-80
- IMSAI VDP-80
- Informer
- Intel Intellec MDS
- Intel MDS-800
- Intel Prompt 48
- Intel SBC 80/10
- Intel SDK-85
- Intel SDK-85 (unassembled)
- Intel SDK-86
- Intertec Superbrain
- ITT MP-EX
- JR-01 Computer
- KIM-1
- LAN-DEC
- LAN-DEC 20
- LAN-ALOG
- Lehrcomputer (Germany)
- Lawrence Livermore Lab
- Lear Siegler ADM3A
- Logikit LK255 (Feedback)
- Logix SF-5000 Electronic Computer
- MAC-1 Mini Analog Computer
- MAC Tutor (Bell Laboratories)
- MEK6800D2
- Micro 68
- Microtan 65
- Midwest Scientific Instruments 6800
- Minivac 601
- Minivac 6010
- Mini-Scamp Microcomputer
- Nascom I
- Nascom II
- National Radio Institute 832
- NEC TK-80
- NorthStar Horizon
- Olivetti Programma 101
- Olivetti Programma 203
- Olivetti Programma 602
- Open University PT501
- Ordinateur d'Apprentissage JR-01
- Osborne 1
- OSI 300
- OSI 600 (SuperBoard II)
- OSI C2-OEM-4
- OSI Challenger-1P
- Pastoriza Personal Analogue Computer
- Pertec MITS 300/25 (Altair desk business system)
- Pertec MITS 300/55 (Altair Turnkey business system)
- PolyMorphic Systems 8810
- PolyMorphic Poly-88
- Protech-83
- Range Keeper Mk.6 Mechanical Analog Computer, 1926
- Range Keeper Mk.7 Mechanical Analog Computer, 1935?
- Sargent-Welch Scientific Company Cat. No.7528 Analog Computer
- Science of Cambridge MK-14 (Sinclair)
- SD Systems Z80 starter kit
- Sharp MZ-40K
- Sharp MZ-80k
- Siemens ECB-85
- Signetics Instructor 50
- Sinclair ZX-81
- Smoke Signal Broadcasting
- Sol-20
- Spark16
- Sphere 1
- Sphere/SWTPC Computer System
- SWTP CMOS Microlab
- SWTP CT-82 Terminal
- SWTPC 6800
- SWTPC 6800 (w/ Smoke Signal Broadcasting drive)
- SWTPC CT-64 Video Terminal, SS-50
- SWTPC TV Typewriter II CT-1024
- Synertek VIM-1
- Synertek SYM-1
- Systron-Donner 3500
- Tei MCS-112
- Tektronix 4006-1
- Telefunken RAT 700
- TI LCM-1001 (Microprogrammer)
- TI LCM-1001 (Microprogrammer)
- TI Silent 700 Terminal
- TI TM 990/189
- Vector 1
- Vector 3
- Vidac 336
- Wang 2200
- Welch Scientific Company Cat. No.7528 Analog Computer
- Xerox 820 Mark I
OTHER COMPUTERS (LUGGABLES 1982-1986)
- Chameleon Plus
- Commodore SX64
- Epson HX-20
- Kaypro I
- Kaypro II
- Kaypro 2x
- Kaypro 16
- Osborne 1
- Panasonic Senior Partner
- Visual Commuter
RARE & NOTABLE DOCUMENTS
- Babbage's Calculating Engine (1834)
- Electric Tabulating Machine (1889, Herman Hollerith's personal copy)
- The Hollerith Electric Tabulating System (1890)
- Counting a Nation by Electricity (1891)
- Calculating Machines (1947)
- Moore School Lectures Vol. II (1947)
- Mathematical Theory of Communication (1948)
- Communication Theory of Secrecy Systems (1949)
- The "Moore's Law" article (Electronics, 1965)
- Printout from Babbage's Difference Engine #2 (London Science Museum, 2004)